It’s important to choose the correct refractory solution for boiler.
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For boilers, choosing the right refractory material is very important. The refractory material of the boiler not only affects its operating life, but is also directly related to the safety and performance of the boiler. When selecting refractory materials, we need to consider the different parts of the boiler and the operating conditions to ensure that the most suitable solution is selected.
First, let’s take a look at the refractory materials used in various parts of the boiler:
The ignition air duct is located in the heating part of the boiler and has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise and high temperature. When selecting refractory brick, insulating brick or other products, consider higher operating temperatures, excellent thermal shock resistance and shedding resistance.
Hot air passes through the water-cooled air chamber. This part involves little wear and tear, and the operating temperature is around 700-°C. When selecting refractory materials, thermal shock stability, shedding resistance and compressive strength need to be considered.
The working temperature of the fluidized bed air plate in the boiler is about 800-°C. When selecting refractory materials, the balancing effects of fixed wind phase and horizontal angle need to be considered. Some commonly used refractory materials include high alumina cement and refractory castables.
The furnace is the main part of the boiler, including the furnace inlet and outlet, furnace top, superheater and steering chamber. These parts are subject to severe wear and temperature changes. When selecting furnace monolithic refractories and other products, we need to pay attention to whether they have excellent corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, reburning line change rate and wear resistance.
The inlet flue, straight tube section and push body of the separator need to face harsh working conditions. When selecting refractory materials, you need to pay attention to factors such as wear resistance and operating temperature.
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The backflow of the boiler’s riser pipe and return device is uneven, which has a greater impact on the lining. When selecting refractory materials for this part, you need to pay attention to thermal shock issues and choose refractory materials with high strength and good wear resistance.
The working temperature of the tail flue is lower and the wear on the lining is smaller. Generally, ordinary clay refractory bricks can be used for construction.
Refractory materials refer to materials that can withstand high temperature’s physical and chemical actions. There must have refractories as the lining and insulation materials in the kiln/furnace. The selection of refractory materials is extremely important in that it will directly affect the performance of the furnace and the cost of the operation, the life cycle of the furnace, and its maintenance costs. When purchasing refractory products should not only consider their cost but also consider whether their performance and quality could meets your requirements. While, how to make the best choice in the selection of refractory bricks has always been a difficult topic for the buyer. If you also have the same concerns, you can refer to the following principles;
The key properties of the refractory materials:
First of all, we must consider the refractoriness of the fire bricks. Refractoriness refers to the performance of refractory materials against high-temperature actions. Indicates the temperature at which the material softens to a certain degree. The refractoriness must be higher than the actual working temperature. For example, the refractoriness of the fire clay bricks is °C, and its service temperature is °C, the refractoriness of the high alumina bricks is °C, its working temperature is °C.
Secondly, the high-temperature structural strength of the refractories. Refractory fire bricks will withstand a certain pressure during uses, and the structural strength of the material will change under increasing temperatures, so the structural crushing strength is a critical specification for refractory bricks, it basically defines the service temperature of the bricks. This is reflected by its refractoriness under load, and the service temperature of the refractories must be lower than its softening point under load. For example, the refractoriness of the fire clay bricks is °C, and its refractoriness under load is °C, so its highest service temperature is °C.
Third, refractories must have excellent thermal stability. There will be large temperature fluctuations in certain parts of the furnace. For example, when the furnace door is opened, cold air enters. The temperature of the furnace lining drops sharply. This requires the refractory material to have a certain degree of thermal stability to ensure normal operation.
Fourth, refractory materials require high-temperature chemical stability. At high temperatures, the chemical properties of the material may change and interact with the sample, furnace gas resulting in failure. This requires consideration of its chemical stability when choosing fire bricks. For example, magnesia refractory bricks can only be used for alkaline slag, while silica bricks can only be used for acidic slag.
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