Natural Fibers
There are cotton, ramie, and flax for natural fibers. We always supply aramid fiber packing with PTFE impregnation which equips the packing with excellent mechanical properties, resistance to abrasive wear and low friction. The recommended condition is max. With a working temperature of 120℃ with ph 5~9 and a shaft speed of 6m/s. Packing made of natural fibers is often used for clean water, circulation pumps, etc.
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Flexible Graphite
It is a type of graphite yarn formed from a thin graphite film which is the basis of the part of gland packing. With its good thermal and chemical resistance, thermal conductivity self-lubricating properties and flexibility, the graphite packing is an excellent seal resistant to heat shocks and overheating, at the same time it generates low friction in all conditions. The recommended working condition is max. A temperature of 450℃ with ph 0~14 and a shaft speed of 40m/s. Graphite gland packing is suitable for dynamic centrifugal pumps for water, petroleum derivatives and other chemicals, especially for high-pressure and high-speed conditions.
PTFE
PTFE is a kind of plastic material with the highest chemical resistance that can withstand strong oxidants and have high thermal resistance and low coefficient of friction. We always supply PTFE-based packing with 100% pure PTFE packing and black PTFE packing (graphited PTFE packing or PTFE packing impregnated with graphite). Graphite PTFE packing provides better-sliding properties and heat resistance, thus it has a longer service life and can withstand higher shaft pressure and shaft speed. The recommended working conditions max. The temperature of 260℃ with ph 0~14 and shaft speed of 15m/s for pure PTFE packing and 25m/s for graphite PTFE packing. PTFE packing is suited to the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries.
Aramid Fibers
It is a synthetic fiber and always in yellow color. We always supply aramid fiber packing impregnated with lubricant or PTFE dispersion. Aramid packing has an excellent high mechanical resistance and abrasion resistance. The common aramid packing is always a combination of aramid with PTFE sometimes graphite PTFE and in zebra format or aramid corners. The Recommended Working Conditions Max. The Temperature of 260℃ with Ph 3~13 and Shaft Speed of 10m/s.
Carbon Fibers
Carbon fiber is light and durable as well as resistant to high temperatures and abrasion which makes carbon fiber-based packing an excellent dynamic seal. The recommended working conditions are maximum. The temperature of 600℃ with ph 0~14 and a shaft speed of 20m/s. Carbon fiber packing is suitable for the repair and service of industrial and power fittings.
Shaft Speed
The movement between the shaft and the packing can lead to wear in two ways; by abrasion of the sealant material and by the generation of friction heat and thus thermal degradation of the packing. These phenomena intensify with the increase in VL linear velocity of the shaft; therefore, it is of key importance to determine the working conditions of the packing. Most manufacturers of pumps and equipment specify the shaft speed in rotary motion, determining the number of revolutions per minute (rpm). To calculate the VL linear velocity in the working gap between shaft and packing, use a simple formula: shaft diameter x 3.14 x rpm; to obtain an SI-compliant result in m/s the values in metres should be used for the calculation and the result needs to be divided by 60. The heat of friction is generated when the seal is pressed against the outer surface of the rotating shaft sleeve to form a seal. The higher permitted VL linear velocity of the packing is due to its lower friction coefficient and good impregnation, as well as the higher thermal resistance of the packing itself. Also, homogeneous materials such as expanded graphite and PTFE are better at maintaining the lubricating film on the surface of the sleeve than fibrous materials. In the case of valve glands, the VL linear velocity parameter is not very important, while in pumps, especially centrifugal pumps, it is crucial for the service life of the seal. Therefore, when evaluating packing for pumps, special attention should be paid to this parameter, the better it is, the longer packing operation can be expected. It can be assumed that gland packing intended for centrifugal pumps should meet the condition of the VL linear velocity at the level of 15 m/s.
Cotton Yarn
Introduction:
The cotton yarn used in gland packing is core-spun. This type of cotton yarn is typically used for rope and belt cores, featuring specific applications and characteristics that make it suitable as material for packing boxes. Core-spun cotton yarn is chosen for packing boxes due to its specific uses and performance, indicating its likely durability and adaptability, meeting the requirements of packing box usage. Additionally, the cost factor of core-spun cotton yarn may also contribute to its selection as a material for packing boxes.
Advantages:
●Simple and feasible
The structure of packing seal is relatively simple, easy to implement and replace, without the need for complex installation and adjustment processes, making it convenient in practical applications.
●Low cost
Cotton yarn, as a common material, is inexpensive and easily accessible, giving packing seal significant economic advantages, especially suitable for budget-constrained situations.
●Widely available
As a common textile material, cotton yarn has a wide range of sources, meeting large demands and further reducing costs.
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Carbon Fiber Yarn
Introduction:
Carbon fiber yarn is new reinforcement fiber, including both carbon feature and fiber limpness or machinability. It is crystallite graphite material after GF organic fiber carbonizing and graphite dealing, such as polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber and asphalt carbon fiber.
Advantages:
●Excellent thermal conductivity and wear resistance
CarbonExcellent thermal conductivity and wear resistance: Carbon conductivity and wear resistance, Carbon fiber yarn has good thermal conductivity and wear resistance, enabling it to maintain stable performance in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, effectively extending its service life.
●Chemical stability
Carbon fiber yarn exhibits outstanding chemical stability, resisting corrosion from acids, alkalis, and other chemicals, making it suitable for various corrosive environments.
●High mechanical strength and low starting torque
Carbon fiber yarn boasts high mechanical strength, is damage-resistant, and its low starting torque design minimizes pump shaft damage, ensuring smooth equipment operation.
Pure PTFE Yarn
Introduction:
PTFE filament yarns made out of pure, virgin PTFE filament. This PTFE filament yarn has good heat resistance, a high tensile strength and is chemically resistant. Additionally it offers low elongation and excellent abrasion resistance characteristics. PTFE filament can be processed into types of high-performance mesh, fabric, sewing thread, dental floss, membrane structure and other products. Thicknesses from 200D to D.
Advantages:
●Excellent chemical resistance
Pure PTFE yarn can with excellent chemical resistance: Pure PTFE yarn can with of acids, alkalis making it widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries.
●Good high-temperature resistance
Pure PTFE yarn has excellent high-temperature performance, capable of long-term operation in extremely high-temperature environments. Its melting point is 327°C, with a continuous use temperature range of -200°C to 260°C, and short-term use temperatures reaching up to 300°C, ensuring stable performance in high-temperature conditions.
●Low friction coefficient
Pure PTFE yarn has an extremely low friction coefficient, providing high efficiency and long service life in the sealing of moving parts. This characteristic makes it widely used in machinery, automotive, marine, and other fields.
●Excellent electrical insulation
Pure PTFE yarn is an outstanding electrical insulation material, capable of stable operation in high-voltage environments. This feature leads to its widespread application in the electronics and electrical sectors.
●Good wear resistance
Pure PTFE yarn exhibits excellent wear resistance, suitable for long-term service under heavy load, high speed, and high-temperature harsh conditions. This characteristic makes it widely used in construction machinery, petrochemicals, and other heavy industries.
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