Ventyv Blog: Understanding the Differences Between Nitrile, Latex ...

30 Jun.,2025

 

Ventyv Blog: Understanding the Differences Between Nitrile, Latex ...

Disposable gloves are an essential item in any healthcare environment. They not only protect healthcare providers and patients from exposure to potentially dangerous microbes, they also help set a precedent of hygiene and care across the industry. While this shouldn’t come as a surprise, what you might not have realized is that disposable gloves aren’t all created equal.

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Different materials and design choices make certain products better suited for different medical environments. And if you order the wrong type of glove for your practice, you may end up wasting resources and increasing the risk of punctures, rips, and tears.

Disposable gloves are generally made from one of three materials: nitrile, latex, or vinyl. In this blog, we’ll explore what makes these gloves different from each other, as well as offer guidance into which environments each type is best suited for.

Latex gloves

For decades, latex has been the rockstar of the medical disposable glove world. This is because, as noted by  Darwin Brown in Physician Assistant, latex gloves were recommended protection in the s and s against bloodborne pathogens like HIV. But as their popularity increased, so did cases of allergic reactions. This led to more demand for latex-free disposable glove alternatives, like nitrile and vinyl. For those who aren’t allergic, latex gloves are comfortable, relatively cost-effective, and offer a high degree of touch sensitivity.

With high levels of flexibility, protection, and comfort, disposable latex gloves are suitable for most medical environments -- as long as latex allergies are not an issue.

Vinyl gloves

Vinyl gloves are made from PVC, a petroleum-based film. The primary benefit of vinyl disposable gloves is that they’re inexpensive to manufacture. That being said, they are less durable than latex and nitrile, and they offer limited protection against chemical or biomedical exposure. When vinyl gloves are stretched or flexed, the individual molecules separate and the integrity of the protective barrier is compromised. Vinyl gloves have also raised a red flag in terms of their environmental impact, as noted by  Health & Safety International.

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Due to their low cost and low protection levels, vinyl gloves are commonly used in non-hazardous and low-infection environments.

Nitrile gloves                                                                    

Nitrile gloves came to prominence in the s as a leading latex alternative. While they’re not as elastic or flexible as their latex counterparts, disposable nitrile gloves are notably more durable and resistant to chemicals. As such, these gloves are the ideal choice for anyone who has to handle potentially hazardous and corrosive chemicals. They are also perfectly suited for most medical environments, being exceptionally puncture-resistant and eliminating the risk of latex allergy reactions.

Understanding these key differences will help you make the right decision when selecting new exam gloves for your organization’s unique medical environment. Ventyv® provides a wide variety of disposable nitrile and latex gloves for a multitude of uses and needs. Our gloves provide the strength and barrier protection needed to Outsmart Infection®. 

Glove Selection Guide - Office of Environment, Health & Safety

Follow these steps to choose the appropriate type of protective glove for your job. The Glove Selection Chart also provides advantages and disadvantages for specific glove types. This guidance was prepared for laboratory researchers but may also be helpful for other people working with hazardous materials.

Once selected, glove use requirements for your lab should be posted in your Chemical Hygiene Plan flipchart under the Standard Operating Procedures section.See below for the Glove Comparison Chart.

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Identify the hazards of the material(s) you'll be working with.

  1. Base selection of glove type and material on the type of exposure and nature of the hazard. Some chemicals can easily penetrate gloves that work very well for other chemicals.

    Consider these factors:
    1. Chemical type
    2. Temperature extremes, cryogenic properties
    3. Physical hazards (sharps, piercing objects)
    4. pH
    5. Toxicity
    6. The infectious potential of biological hazards
  2. Read the Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) for each chemical involved.

Determine if you'll have incidental or extended contact with the hazardous materials.

  1. Incidental contact (little or no direct contact with the hazardous material) includes these situations:

    1. Accidental spills or splashes
    2. Accidental overspray from a dispensing device
    3. Handling infectious agents that require barrier protection
    4. To prevent contamination of materials during handling. 

      If you will have incidental contact, go to Step 3.

  2. Extended contact includes these situations:

    1. Handling highly contaminated materials
    2. Submerging hands in a chemical or other hazardous substance
    3. Need for physical protection from temperature extremes or sharp/piercing objects

      If you will have extended contact, go to Step 4.

  3. For incidental contact, follow these selection guidelines.

    1. Type of glove:
      • Disposable, surgical-type gloves are appropriate for incidental contact.
      • Nitrile gloves are preferred over latex because of their chemical resistance, their tendency to visibly rip when punctured, and to prevent possible latex allergies.
    2. Glove usage:
      • Check for rips or punctures before use.
      • Remove and replace gloves immediately with new ones when a chemical spills or splashes on them.
      • Never wash or reuse disposable gloves.
      • Always remove glove before touching common objects such as doorknobs, phones, or elevator buttons.
  4. For extended contact, follow these guidelines.

    1. Type of glove:More substantial gloves are required for extended use.
      • Norfoil gloves are recommended for highly toxic materials and materials that are absorbed through the skin.
      • See the Glove Selection Chart below for advantages and disadvantages of commonly used gloves for extended contact.
    2. Glove usage: Many gloves intended for extended contact are reusable. 
      • Check the gloves for: 
        1. Rips or punctures before and after each use
        2. Prior contamination
        3. Signs of degradation (change in color or texture)
        4. Replace gloves as soon as signs of degradation appear.
        5. Wash after removal and air dry in the laboratory.
        6. Consider wearing inner surgical gloves for extra protection.

  5. Dispose of used and damaged gloves according to whether or not they're contaminated with hazardous materials.

    1. Follow the appropriate guidelines below:
      • No contamination:
        Place in regular lab trash.
      • Radioactive materials: 
        See how do I dispose of radioactive waste?
      • Chemical contamination:
        See the Hazardous Waste Program (HWP).
      • Biohazardous materials: 
        See the how do I dispose of my waste web page.
    2. ALWAYS wash your hands after removing gloves.
      • Watch a short video on correct hand washing.